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Decoupled drivers of presence, richness, and speciation in island adaptive radiations

This GitHub repo contains R scripts and data necessary to replicate the analyses in our manuscript titled, "Decoupled drivers of presence, richness, and speciation in island adaptive radiations."

File Structure

  • "Caribbean" directory - Contains files specific to Caribbean Anolis and Eleutherodactylus. Includes two subdirectories: "Data" and "Shapefile"
    • "Data" directory - Includes raw data and R objects used in determining species-area relationships, speciation-area relationships, and taxon-specific distance metrics.
    • "Shapefile" directory - Includes files needed to read the shapefile for the Caribbean islands.
  • "Galapagos" directory - Contains files specific to Galapagos finches and Scalesia. Includes two subdirectories: "Data" and "Shapefile"
    • "Data" directory - Includes raw data and R objects used in determining species-area relationships, speciation-area relationships, and taxon-specific distance metrics.
    • "Shapefile" directory - Includes files needed to read the shapefile for the Galapagos islands.
  • "habitat_diversity" directory - Contains files needed to estimate habitat heterogeneity for taxa of interest, along with IUCN shapefiles used to determine ranges (when applicable).
    • CaribbeanAnoles directory - Contains a shapefile of Anolis ranges gathered via IUCN.
    • CaribbeanEleutherodactylus directory - Contains a shapefile of Eleutherodactylus ranges gathered via IUCN.
    • GalapagosFinches directory - Contains a shapefile of Galapagos finch ranges gathered via IUCN.
    • HawaiianAsteraceae directory - Contains a shapefile of Hawaiian Asteraceae ranges gathered via IUCN.
    • 1_crop_habitat_raster.R - Crops the worldwide habitat raster to the archipelagos of interest.
    • 2_habitat_diversity_lv2_island.R - Estimates habitat diversity for each lineage of interest for each island on which they are present.
    • 3_habitat_diversity_island_notaxa.R - Estimates habitat diversity for each island within each archipelago of interest.
  • "Hawaiian" directory - Contains files specific to Hawaiian silverswords and Tetragnatha. Includes two subdirectories: "Data" and "Shapefile"
    • "Data" directory - Includes raw data and R objects used in determining species-area relationships, speciation-area relationships, and taxon-specific distance metrics.
    • "Shapefile" directory - Includes files needed to read the shapefile for the Hawaiian islands.
  • "power" directory - Contains the following files used to run the power analysis that determines the probability of finding breakpoints in SARs and SpARs.
    • power.csv - A CSV containing the results of the SAR power analysis. Contains probabilities for finding a breakpoint with a positive second slope when archipelago-wide parameters are used.
    • power_lineages.csv - A CSV containing the results of the SAR power analysis. Contains probabilities for finding a breakpoint with a positive second slope when lineage-specific parameters are used.
    • power_null.csv - A CSV containing the results of a modified SAR power analysis that determines how often the null hypothesis is not rejected.
    • power_sar.R - R script that determines probabilities for finding a breakpoint with a positive second slope when archipelago-wide parameters are used.
    • power_sar_lineages.R - R script that determines probabilities for finding a breakpoint with a positive second slope when lineage-specific parameters are used.
    • power_sar_null.R - R script that includes a modified SAR power analysis that determines how often the null hypothesis is not rejected.
    • power_spar.csv - A CSV containing the results of the SpAR power analysis. Contains probabilities for finding a breakpoint with a positive second slope when archipelago-wide parameters are used.
    • power_spar.R - R script that determines probabilities for finding a breakpoint with a positive second slope in SpARs when archipelago-wide parameters are used.
    • power_spar_lineages.csv - A CSV containing the results of the SpAR power analysis. Contains probabilities for finding a breakpoint with a positive second slope when lineage-specific parameters are used.
    • power_spar_lineages.R - R script that determines probabilities for finding a breakpoint with a positive second slope in SpARs when lineage-specific parameters are used.
    • power_spar_null.csv - A CSV containing the results of a modified SpAR power analysis that determines how often the null hypothesis is not rejected.
    • power_spar_null.R - R script that includes a modified SpAR power analysis that determines how often the null hypothesis is not rejected.
  • "Summary_Files" directory - Contains the following files used to generate data, R objects, and figures that represent the full dataset.
    • continents.rds – An R object containing spatial information related to the continents closest to the archipelagos of interest.
    • CSI.R - An R script that extracts Climate Shift Index values for all islands in the three archipelagos of interest
    • csi_past.tiff - From Herrando-Moraira et al. 2022. A GEOtiff that contains Climate Shift Index data, used with CSI.R.
    • estimate_MS_AR.R – Contains an edited version of the “estimate_MS” function from the ssarp R package that allows for diversification rate estimation with different epsilon values.
    • Figure2.R – Generates Figure 2, which visualizes the islands on which species in each taxon occur, along with their associated species-area relationships.
    • Find_Closest_Mainland.R – Uses global polygons from Natural Earth to determine the distance between each island in the dataset and the closest mainland.
    • FixNames.R – Includes functions that add appropriate accents back to island names that have been corrupted due to character encoding problems.
    • Infer_SARs.R - Infers species-area relationships (SARs) for taxa of interest and generates .rds files of SAR objects that are used in Figure2.R.
    • island_traits.csv – Values for island-specific predictor variables, including the total number of habitats on each island (not filtered by taxon).
    • IxL.csv – Values for predictor variables for each island, specifically related to each taxon (IxL = “island by lineage”).
    • IxL_Model_CoefficientPlot.R – Generates Figure 4, which visualizes model-averaged coefficients and their 95% confidence intervals.
    • IxL_ModelSelection.R – Generates GLMMs to determine drivers of richness and presence for island-endemic adaptive radiations.
    • IxL_Variables_Pointrange.R – Generates Figure 1, which visualizes the means and standard error around island-level variables used in GLMMs. Also, generates Figure S2, which visualizes the range of island areas for each archipelago.
    • presence_conf_df.csv – Dataset containing coefficient point estimates and confidence intervals for models with presence as the response used in IxL_Model_CoefficientPlot.R
    • richness_conf_df.csv – Dataset containing coefficient point estimates and confidence intervals for models with richness as the response used in IxL_Model_CoefficientPlot.R
    • SpAR_Figures.R – Generates Figures 3, S3, and S4 depending on what epsilon value the user chooses.
    • Varied_Epsilon_SpARs.R – Generates speciation-area relationships for all taxa using three different values for epsilon: 0, 0.5, and 0.9.

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