From 8389535eea71b9e4b5beabb8255cc151e977f95c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: nightcityblade <nightcityblade@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 2026 11:08:08 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] Fix extract_messages dry-run behavior

---
 babel/messages/frontend.py                 |  5 ++++-
 babel/messages/setuptools_frontend.py      |  7 +++++++
 tests/messages/test_setuptools_frontend.py | 20 ++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 31 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/babel/messages/frontend.py b/babel/messages/frontend.py
index 1df1e225f..6d4231d08 100644
--- a/babel/messages/frontend.py
+++ b/babel/messages/frontend.py
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ def callback(filename: str, method: str, options: dict):
 
     def run(self):
         mappings = self._get_mappings()
-        with open(self.output_file, 'wb') as outfile:
+        with self._open_output_file() as outfile:
             catalog = Catalog(
                 project=self.project,
                 version=self.version,
@@ -550,6 +550,9 @@ def run(self):
                 width=self.width,
             )
 
+    def _open_output_file(self) -> BinaryIO:
+        return open(self.output_file, 'wb')
+
     def _get_mappings(self):
         mappings = []
 
diff --git a/babel/messages/setuptools_frontend.py b/babel/messages/setuptools_frontend.py
index 67b9f24e1..b19c36893 100644
--- a/babel/messages/setuptools_frontend.py
+++ b/babel/messages/setuptools_frontend.py
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+from io import BytesIO
+
 from babel.messages import frontend
 
 try:
@@ -65,6 +67,11 @@ class extract_messages(frontend.ExtractMessages, Command):
         )
     """
 
+    def _open_output_file(self):
+        if self.dry_run:
+            return BytesIO()
+        return super()._open_output_file()
+
 
 class init_catalog(frontend.InitCatalog, Command):
     """New catalog initialization command for use in ``setup.py`` scripts.
diff --git a/tests/messages/test_setuptools_frontend.py b/tests/messages/test_setuptools_frontend.py
index 5c3f4433b..8536b8dcd 100644
--- a/tests/messages/test_setuptools_frontend.py
+++ b/tests/messages/test_setuptools_frontend.py
@@ -45,6 +45,26 @@ def test_extract_distutils_keyword_arg_388(kwarg, expected):
     assert set(cmdinst.add_comments) == {"Bar", "Foo"}
 
 
+def test_extract_messages_dry_run(tmp_path, caplog):
+    from babel.messages import setuptools_frontend
+
+    source_file = tmp_path / "source.py"
+    source_file.write_text("_('message')\n")
+    output_file = tmp_path / "messages.pot"
+    output_file.write_text("original contents\n")
+
+    command = setuptools_frontend.extract_messages(Distribution())
+    command.dry_run = True
+    command.input_paths = [str(source_file)]
+    command.output_file = str(output_file)
+    command.ensure_finalized()
+    with caplog.at_level("INFO"):
+        command.run()
+
+    assert output_file.read_text() == "original contents\n"
+    assert f"extracting messages from {source_file}" in caplog.text
+
+
 @pytest.mark.xfail(
     # Python 3.10.16[pypy-7.3.19-final] in GHA fails with "unsupported locale setting"
     # in the subprocesses this test spawns.  Hard to say why because it doesn't do that